Judicial Law Views
دیدگاههای حقوق قضایی
دیدگاههای حقوقی
Literature & Humanities
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بررسی قاعده ی قضایی «الحاکم ولی الممتنع» و کاربرد آن در حقوق خانواده
Judicial Rule "The Judex Is Legal Guardian for Refuse and Its Use in the Family Law"
حقوق خصوصی
Pivate Law
پژوهش كاربردي
Applicable Research
بر اساس مفاد قاعده « الحاکم ولی الممتنع» چنانکه شخصی از ادای حقوق دیگران امتناع ورزد حاکم پس از احراز امتناع به جهت جلوگیری از هرج و مرج و حفظ نظم عمومی و اجرای عدالت اجتماعی نسبت به ادای حقوق رأساً اقدام مینماید. امتناع در فرآیند دادرسی احراز میگردد. لذا قاعده الحاکم ولی الممتنع، قاعده قضایی بشمار میآید. یکی از رهیافتهای اجرای قاعده از ناحیه حاکم، دعاوی خانوادگی است . اهم موارد اجرای قاعده در دعاوی خانوادگی به شرح ذیل میباشد: 1- امتناع زوج از پرداخت نفقه با وجود توانایی در پرداخت 2- امتناع زوج از طلاق زوجه با وجود عجز از پرداخت نفقه 3- امتناع ولی غایب به غیبت طولانی و بیخبر شوهر از طلاق 4- امتناع زوج از طلاق یا رجوع در ایلاء و ظهار 5- امتناع زوج یا زوجه از انتخاب حَکَم در فرض بیم از جدایی زوجین در این موارد حاکم به جهت ولایت بر ممتنع تکلیف شرعی و قانونی او را بانجام رساند. قانونگذار در برخی مواد قانون مدنی از جمله در ماده 1129 اجرای این قاعده را در حقوق کنونی حاکم بر کشور، به رسمیت شناخته است .
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt text-align: justify text-indent: 14.2pt line-height: 120%"><span new="" style="font-family: " times="">On the base of the provision of the judicial rule "The governor is legal guardian for refuse" if somebody refuses to respect peoples right, judge after obtaining the refusal, in order to prevent chaos and to preserve public regular and also to perform social justice, directly takes action.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt text-align: justify text-indent: 14.2pt line-height: 120%"><span new="" style="font-family: " times="">The refusal will be obtained during trail procedure. So, this rule is a 'judicial rule. One of the results of performing rule by governor is family actions.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt text-align: justify text-indent: 14.2pt line-height: 120%"><span new="" style="font-family: " times="">Important cases of performing this rule in family actions are:</span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt text-align: justify text-indent: 14.2pt line-height: 120%"><span new="" style="font-family: " times="">Husband’s refusal of paying the maintenance in spite of his ability.</span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt text-align: justify text-indent: 14.2pt line-height: 120%"><span new="" style="font-family: " times="">Husband’s refusal of divorcing wife in spite of disability of paying the cost of maintenance.</span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt text-align: justify text-indent: 14.2pt line-height: 120%"><span new="" style="font-family: " times="">In long and sudden absence of missing person, his legal guardians refuse to divorce his wife.</span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt text-align: justify text-indent: 14.2pt line-height: 120%"><span new="" style="font-family: " times="">Husband, refusal of divorce or withdrawal in illa and zihar.</span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt text-align: justify text-indent: 14.2pt line-height: 120%"><span new="" style="font-family: " times="">Husband or wife, schoicing arbitrator in case of fearing separation.</span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt text-align: justify text-indent: 14.2pt line-height: 120%"><span new="" style="font-family: " times="">Husband’s refusal of forgiving the remaining time in temporary marriage.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt text-align: justify text-indent: 14.2pt line-height: 120%"><span new="" style="font-family: " times="">In these cases Judex can accomplish legal and religious duty of refuse owing to his jurisdiction. Legislator, in some articles of civil code for instance in article1129, recognized this rule to be enforced in the present law of country.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt text-align: justify text-indent: 14.2pt line-height: 120%"><span new="" style="font-family: " times="">The rule of "The Judex is legal guardian for refuse" has accepted the governor interference in relation private relations. Due to this rule, if somebody doesn’t care about others rights, the governor of the Islamic society, with regard to jurisdiction is allowed to do his duties.</span></p>
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فقه, حقوق, قاعده فقهی, قاعده قضایی, الحاکم ولی الممتنع, حقوق خانواده.
Jurisprudence, Law, Legal principle, Judicial rule, The Judex is legal guardian for refuse, Family law.
169
190
http://jlviews2.ujsas.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-624-1&slc_lang=fa&sid=1
Sayyed Abolghasem
Naghibi
ابوالقاسم
نقیبی
10031947532846006232
10031947532846006232
Yes
University of Shahid Motahari
دانشگاه شهید مطهری